Al-Masjid an-Nabawi

Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, the Prophet’s Mosque, was built by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the first year after the Hijra. It is the holiest mosque in Islam after al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca. He led the daily prayers there and ran the affairs of the Muslim community from it. [WikiShia]

The first mosque, of sun-dried mud brick, covered about 1,050 square metres. It has been expanded in almost every era since, and the houses of the Prophet (PBUH), Imam Ali (AS) and Lady Fatima (AS) beside it now lie within the mosque. [WikiShia]Cited there: Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Mecca wa Medina, pp. 202–207

The Prophet (PBUH) was buried in his own house, which stood outside the first mosque and was later enclosed within it. A five-sided wall surrounds the grave, built that way, it is said, so that it would not resemble the Kaʿba. The Green Dome stands above it. [WikiShia] [WikiShia]Cited there: Jaʿfarīyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Mecca wa Medina, pp. 217–218

The house of Lady Fatima (AS) adjoined the Prophet’s (PBUH) house and is now within the same area. Most Shia scholars hold that she was buried in her house; Shaykh al-Saduq also records the view that her grave lies between the Prophet’s grave and his minbar. Sunni scholars place her grave in al-Baqiʿ. [WikiShia]Cited there: Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh, vol. 2, p. 572; Jaʿfarīyān, p. 219

Travellers may pray in al-Masjid an-Nabawi either in full or shortened (qasr), as they choose. [WikiShia]Cited there: Yazdī, al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā, vol. 2, p. 164

Anyone in a state requiring ghusl al-janaba, hayd or nifas should not remain in the mosque, though passing through from one door to another is allowed. [WikiShia]Cited there: Yazdī, al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā, vol. 1, p. 285